Zeitschriftenaufsatz | 2025 Open Access

Continent-wide differentiation of fitness traits and patterns of climate adaptation among European populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Autor:in

Durmaz Mitchell, Esra; Kerdaffrec, Envel; Harney, Ewan; Paulo, Tania F.; Veselinovic, Marija; Tanaskovic, Marija; Tyukmaeva, Venera; de Arcaya, Teresa Abaurrea Fernandez; Aksoy, Cansu; Argyridou, Eliza; Bailly, T.; Can, Dogus; Cobanoglu, Ezgi; Cook, Nicola; Coskun, Seda; Davidović, Slobodan; Demir, Ekin; Dias, Tania; Rasouli-Dogaheh, Somayeh; Duque, Pedro; Eric, Katarina; Erić, Pavle; Erickson, Priscilla; Filipovski, Filip; Fishman, Bettina; Glaser-Schmitt, Amanda; Goldfischer, August; Green, Llewellyn; Janillon, Sonia; Jelic, Mihailo; Kostic, Hristina; Kreiman, Lucas E.; Kremer, Natacha; Lyrakis, Manolis; Maistrenko, Oleksandr; Marti, Sapho-Lou; Mcgunnigle, Megan; Merenciano, Miriam; Mira, Mario S.; Montbel, Vincent; Mouton, Laurence; Mukha, Dmitry; Murali, Siddharth; Patenković, Aleksandra; Protsenko, Oleksandra; Putero, Florencia A.; Reis, Micael; Roshina, Natalia V.; Rybina, Olga; Schou, Mads; Schowing, Thibault; Senkal, Senel Selin; Serga, Svitlana; Trieu, Virginie; Symonenko, Alexander; Trostnikov, Mikhail; Tsybul'ko, Evgenia A.; van den Heuvel, Joost; van Waarde, David; Veselkina, Ekaterina; Vieira, Cristina; Wang, Xiaocui; Zandveld, Jelle; Abbott, Jessica; Billeter, Jean-Christophe; Colinet, Herve; Ebrahimi, Mehregan; Gibert, Patricia; Hrček, Jan; Kankare, Maaria; Kozeretska, Iryna; Loeschcke, Volker; MENSCH, JULIAN; Onder, Banu; Parsch, John; Pasyukova, Elena; Stamenkovic-Radak, Marina; Tauber, Eran; Vieira, Cristina; Wegener, Christian; Hoedjes, Katja M.; Zwaan, Bas; Betancourt, Andrea; Fricke, Claudia; Grath, Sonja; Posnien, Nico; Vieira, Jorge; Kapun, Martin; Schlötterer, Christian; Schmidt, Paul; Sucena, Élio; Gonzalez, Josefa; Bergland, Alan O.; Ritchie, Michael; Flatt, Thomas

Publikationen als Autor:in / Herausgeber:in der Vetmeduni

Schlötterer, Christian; Lyrakis, Emmanouil

Journal

Evolution Letters

Abstrakt

A particularly well-studied evolutionary model is the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster, a cosmopolitan insect of ancestral southern-central African origin. Recent work suggests that it expanded out of Africa similar to 9,000 years ago, and spread from the Middle East into Europe similar to 1,800 years ago. During its global expansion, this human commensal adapted to novel climate zones and habitats. Despite much work on phenotypic differentiation and adaptation on several continents (especially North America and Australia), typically in the context of latitudinal clines, little is known about phenotypic divergence among European populations. Here, we sought to provide a continent-wide study of phenotypic differentiation among European populations of D. melanogaster. In a consortium-wide phenomics effort, we assayed 16 fitness-related traits on a panel of 173 isofemale lines from 9 European populations, with the majority of traits measured by several groups using semi-standardized protocols. For most fitness-related traits, we found significant differentiation among populations on a continental scale. Despite inevitable differences in assay conditions among labs, the reproducibility and hence robustness of our measurements were overall remarkably good. Several fitness components (e.g., viability, development time) exhibited significant latitudinal or longitudinal clines, and populations differed markedly in multivariate trait structure. Notably, populations experiencing higher humidity/rainfall and lower maximum temperature showed higher viability, fertility, starvation resistance, and lifespan at the expense of lower heat-shock survival, suggesting a pattern of local adaptation. Our results indicate that derived populations of this tropical fly have been shaped by pervasive spatially varying multivariate selection and adaptation to different climates on the European continent.