Zeitschriftenaufsatz | 2024 Open Access

Widespread horse-based mobility arose around 2200 Bce in Eurasia

Autor:in

Librado, Pablo; Tressieres, Gaetan; Chauvey, Lorelei; Fages, Antoine; Khan, Naveed; Schiavinato, Stephanie; Calviere-Tonasso, L.; Kusliy, Mariya; Gaunitz, Charleen; Liu, Xuexue; Wagner, Stefanie; Sarkissian, Clio Der; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Perdereau, Aude; Aury, Jean-Marc; Southon, John; Shapiro, B.; Bouchez, Olivier; Donnadieu, Cecile; Collin, Y.; Gregersen, Kristian Murphy; Jessen, Mads Dengso; Christensen, Kirsten; Claudi-Hansen, Lone; Pruvost, Melanie; Pucher, Erich; Vulic, Hrvoje; Novak, Mario; Rimpf, Andrea; Turk, Peter; Reiter, Simone B. C. F.; Brem, G.; Schwall, Christoph; Barrey, Eric; Robert, Celine; Degueurce, Christophe; Horwitz, Liora Kolska; Klassen, Lutz; Rasmussen, Uffe; Kveiborg, Jacob; Johannsen, Niels N.; Makowiecki, Daniel; Makarowicz, Przemyslaw; Szeliga, Marcin; Ilchyshyn, Vasyl; Rud, V.; Romaniszyn, Jan; Mullin, Victoria E.; Verdugo, Marta; Bradley, Daniel; Cardoso, Joao Luis; Valente, Maria; Antunes, Miguel Telles; Ameen, Carly; Thomas, Richard; Ludwig, Arne; Marzullo, Matilde; Prato, Ornella; Bagnasco, Giovanna; Tecchiati, Umberto; Granado, J.; Schlumbaum, Angela; Deschler-Erb, Sabine; Mraz, Monika Schernig; Boulbes, Nicolas; Gardeisen, Armelle; Mayer, Christian; Doehle, Hans-Juergen; Vicze, Magdolna; Kosintsev, Pavel; Kysely, Rene; Peske, Lubomir; O'Connor, Terry; Ananyevskaya, Elina; Irina, Shevnina; Logvin, Andrey; Kovalev, Alexey A.; Iderkhangai, Tumur-Ochir; Mikhail, Sablin; Petr, Dashkovskiy; Graphodatsky, Alexander; Merts, Ilja; Merts, Viktor; Kasparov, Aleksei; Pitulko, Vladimir; Onar, Vedat; Oztan, Aliye; Arbuckle, Benjamin; McColl, Hugh; Renaud, Gabriel; Khaskhanov, Ruslan; Sergej, Demidenko; Kadieva, Anna; Atabiev, Biyaslan; Sundqvist, M.; Lindgren, Gabriella; López-Cachero, Francisco; Albizuri, Silvia; Vukicevic, Tajana Trbojevic; Papesa, Anita Rapan; Buric, Marcel; Sikanjic, Petra Rajic; Weinstock, J.; Vilaro, David Asensio; Codina, Ferran; Dalmau, Cristina Garcia; de Llorens, Jordi Morer; Pou, J.; De Prado, Gabriel; Sanmartí, Joan; Kallala, Nabil; Torres, Joan Ramon; Maraoui-Telmini, Boutheina; Franco, Maria Carmen Casamayor; Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia; Zazzo, Antoine; Lepetz, Sebastien; Duchesne, Sylvie; Alexeev, Anatoly; Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav; Houle, Jean-Luc; Bayarkhuu, Noost; Tsagaan, Turbat; Crubezy, Eric; Shingiray, Irina; Mashkour, Marjan; Berezina, Natalia; Korobov, Dmitriy S.; Belinskiy, Andrey; Kalmykov, Alexey A.; Demoule, Jean-Paul; Reinhold, Sabine; Hansen, S.; Wallner, Barbara; Рослякова, Наталья; Kuznetsov, Pavel; Tishkin, Alexey; Wincker, Patrick; Kanne, Katherine; Outram, Alan; ORLANDO, Ludovic

Publikationen als Autor:in / Herausgeber:in der Vetmeduni

Wallner, Barbara

Journal

Nature

Schlagwörter

Animals; Female; Male; Animal Husbandryhistory; Asia; Domestication; Europe; Genomegenetics; History, Ancient; Horsesclassificationgenetics; Reproduction; Transportationhistorymethods; Phylogeny

Dokumententyp

Originalarbeit

CC Lizenz

CC-BY

Open Access Type

Hybrid

ISSN/eISSN

0028-0836 - 1476-4687

DOI

10.1038/s41586-024-07597-5

WoS ID

WOS:001287871300002

PubMed ID

MEDLINE:38843826

Repository Phaidra

o:4445

Weitere Details

Band

631

Startseite

819

Letzte Seite

825

Nummer

8022

Seitenanzahl

Horses revolutionized human history with fast mobility(1). However, the timeline between their domestication and their widespread integration as a means of transport remains contentious(2-4). Here we assemble a collection of 475 ancient horse genomes to assess the period when these animals were first reshaped by human agency in Eurasia. We find that reproductive control of the modern domestic lineage emerged around 2200 bce, through close-kin mating and shortened generation times. Reproductive control emerged following a severe domestication bottleneck starting no earlier than approximately 2700 bce, and coincided with a sudden expansion across Eurasia that ultimately resulted in the replacement of nearly every local horse lineage. This expansion marked the rise of widespread horse-based mobility in human history, which refutes the commonly held narrative of large horse herds accompanying the massive migration of steppe peoples across Europe around 3000 bce and earlier(3,5). Finally, we detect significantly shortened generation times at Botai around 3500 bce, a settlement from central Asia associated with corrals and a subsistence economy centred on horses(6,7). This supports local horse husbandry before the rise of modern domestic bloodlines. Horses revolutionized human history with fast mobility1. However, the timeline between their domestication and their widespread integration as a means of transport remains contentious2-4. Here we assemble a collection of 475 ancient horse genomes to assess the period when these animals were first reshaped by human agency in Eurasia. We find that reproductive control of the modern domestic lineage emerged around 2200 BCE, through close-kin mating and shortened generation times. Reproductive control emerged following a severe domestication bottleneck starting no earlier than approximately 2700 BCE, and coincided with a sudden expansion across Eurasia that ultimately resulted in the replacement of nearly every local horse lineage. This expansion marked the rise of widespread horse-based mobility in human history, which refutes the commonly held narrative of large horse herds accompanying the massive migration of steppe peoples across Europe around 3000 BCE and earlier3,5. Finally, we detect significantly shortened generation times at Botai around 3500 BCE, a settlement from central Asia associated with corrals and a subsistence economy centred on horses6,7. This supports local horse husbandry before the rise of modern domestic bloodlines.© 2024. The Author(s).